North Cyprus is located on the island of Cyprus in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. It is situated south of Turkey, west of Syria and Lebanon, northwest of Israel, and north of Egypt. The island of Cyprus is divided into two main political entities: the Republic of Cyprus (also known as South Cyprus), which is recognized as an independent nation by the international community, and the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC), which is only recognized by Turkey. The majority of the international community recognizes the government of the Republic of Cyprus as the legitimate government of the island of Cyprus.
The surface area of North Cyprus, also known as the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC), is about 3,355 square kilometers (1,295 square miles). The population of North Cyprus is estimated to be around 300,000 people. Please note that the existence of TRNC is not recognized by the international community except for Turkey.
North Cyprus has a Mediterranean climate, characterized by hot, dry summers and mild, rainy winters. The island is located in a transition zone between the subtropical and temperate climatic zones, and its weather is influenced by both the continental climate of Asia and the maritime climate of the Mediterranean.
During the summer months, which typically last from May to October, temperatures can reach up to 40 °C (104 °F) and humidity is relatively low. During the winter months, which typically last from November to April, temperatures are mild and can range from 10-20 °C (50-68 °F) and it can rain. The island also receives more rainfall during the winter months compared to the summer months. The sea temperature is warm enough for swimming from May to November and makes the beaches popular tourist destinations.
North Cyprus also has a relatively low level of air pollution, thanks to its sparse population and lack of heavy industry.
Acre, evlek and square feet (month2) measurement units are frequently used in land/land purchases and sales in North Cyprus. The square meter (m2) equivalent of 1 acre varies. TRNC measurement units are as follows:
1 acre = 4 evlek = 14,400 ay2 = 1,338 m2
1 Evlek = 3600 ay2 = 334.5 m2
1 m2 = 10.76 ay2
The island of Cyprus, which is preferred by everyone who wants to have a cultural trip and a warm sea holiday with its historical texture and natural beauties; It offers unique opportunities for tourists and locals alike. There are also many options for transportation to the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, which is a preferred travel route in all seasons.
ROAD TRANSPORTATION
There is no land transportation to Northern Cyprus, which is an island country. However, those who want to go to the island with their vehicles can use the ferryboat. Car ferries departing from Taşucu Port in Mersin arrive in Cyprus after a 7-hour journey. It is recommended that those who prefer this method of transportation make their ferry reservations a few weeks in advance. In addition, in order to use the car ferry, it is necessary to have a passport and an international exit document and a car insurance valid in Cyprus. The fact that the traffic flows from the left in Northern Cyprus is one of the main points that drivers who will drive on the island should know. If you stay in the country for more than 30 days, your driver’s license must be renewed with a TRNC license.
AIR TRANSPORTATION
One of the most preferred methods of transportation to Cyprus is air transportation. It is possible to fly directly to the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus from Turkey. Citizens of the Republic of Turkey can enter the country with their identity documents without the need for a visa and passport. There are scheduled flights to Northern Cyprus from many cities in Turkey, especially Istanbul, Izmir, Adana, Ankara and Antalya. Those who will come to Cyprus from different countries can reach Turkey first and then Cyprus. Airlines such as Turkish Airlines, Pegasus and Anadolu Jet have non-stop scheduled flights to Cyprus. Flights between Turkey and Cyprus take an average of 50-90 minutes. Ercan Airport is used for transportation to Northern Cyprus by air. Ercan Airport, which is the only airport in the country open to registry use, is located 25 kilometers from Nicosia. Airport; It is 44 kilometers from Kyrenia, 51 kilometers from Famagusta and 62 kilometers from Güzelyurt. KIBHAS bus services can be used to reach the cities from the airport. At the same time, they can also benefit from taxi and transfer services or car rental options.
SEA TRANSPORTATION
Seaway, another way of reaching Northern Cyprus, has different alternatives. Ferry services are organized from Mersin Taşucu Port to Girne and Famagusta, and from Alanya to Girne. There are daily and regular voyages on the route, which also includes sea buses. Ferry services take approximately 6-9 hours, and sea bus services take approximately 2.5 hours.
CITY TRANSPORTATION
In the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, buses and taxis are generally used for urban transportation. Car rental options are also very common in the country.
PUBLIC TRANSPORT
Public transportation is common in Northern Cyprus and minibuses are mostly preferred. There are minibuses between Kyrenia – Nicosia, Kyrenia – Famagusta and Famagusta – Nicosia. City transportation, which is frequent during the day, decreases after 19:00; weekends are even rarer. Since there is no public transportation in Southern Cyprus, it is necessary to rent a car or take a taxi to get to the South. Likewise, there is no public transportation to historical places and it is recommended to rent a car.
Crossing the borders between the north and south of Cyprus can be complicated due to the political situation on the island. The island has been divided since 1974, and the border between the north and south is controlled by the respective governments.
Currently, there are only two official crossing points, one at Ledra Street-Lokmacı and the other at Aplıç-Metehan. These crossing points are open to all, including tourists, and allow for the free movement of people and goods between the north and south.
It’s worth noting that while crossing the border, visitors must go through immigration and customs checks, and they may be subject to certain restrictions and regulations. Visitors may also need to have valid documentation such as a passport or national ID card, and should be prepared to have their bags searched.
It’s also worth noting that crossing the border does not change the status of the island, and the Republic of Cyprus remains the internationally recognized government of the entire island. Visitors who cross the border should also be aware that the use of Turkish Lira is limited in the south of the island and that the EU laws and regulations apply there.
Finally, it’s important to note that crossing the UN buffer zone (also known as the “Green Line”) without an official authorization is strictly prohibited.
In North Cyprus, banks are open Monday – Friday between 08:00 – 12:00 and 14:00 – 16:00. It is possible to convert all currencies into Turkish Lira in the TRNC. Eurochecks, traveler’s checks, foreign currencies are accepted and exchanged by exchange offices and banks. Banking and foreign exchange transactions in North Cyprus can be a bit more complicated than in other countries due to the political situation on the island. The majority of the international community recognizes the government of the Republic of Cyprus as the legitimate government of the island of Cyprus, but North Cyprus is only recognized by Turkey.
The official currency in North Cyprus is the Turkish Lira (TRY), but Euro is also widely accepted as well. Banks in North Cyprus offer a range of services, including checking and savings accounts, credit and debit cards, and loans. However, the availability and accessibility of these services may be limited, and visitors may find it more convenient to use international banks or ATMs.
When it comes to foreign exchange transactions, visitors can exchange their currency at banks, exchange offices, and authorized dealers. It’s important to note that the exchange rate can fluctuate and visitors should always check the current rate before making any transactions. Visitors should also be prepared to show identification and fill out paperwork when making foreign exchange transactions.
Credit and debit cards are widely accepted in North Cyprus, especially in tourist areas and major cities. However, visitors should be aware that some merchants may not accept certain types of cards, so it’s always best to have some cash on hand as well.
Finally, it’s worth noting that since North Cyprus is only recognized by Turkey, the financial transactions with the rest of the world may be limited and may face some restrictions, and visitors may face some challenges when it comes to banking and foreign exchange transactions.
Education in North Cyprus follows the Turkish education system, which is divided into primary, secondary and higher education. The language of instruction is mainly Turkish, but there are also schools that use English and other languages.
The primary education system is compulsory for children between the ages of 6 and 14 and is free of charge. Secondary education is not compulsory, but it is widely available and free of charge. Higher education is provided by universities, which are mainly state-funded, but there are also private universities.
There are several universities in North Cyprus, with the largest being the Eastern Mediterranean University (EMU) in Famagusta. EMU offers undergraduate, graduate, and post-graduate programs in various fields such as engineering, medicine, and business. Other universities include Girne American University and Cyprus International University.
The quality of education in North Cyprus is considered to be high, and many students choose to study in North Cyprus because of the relatively low tuition fees and living costs compared to other countries. However, it’s worth noting that the education system in North Cyprus is not recognized by the majority of the international community except for Turkey.
Additionally, it’s also worth noting that the curriculum and education policies are influenced by the Turkish government, and it may not be in line with the international education standards.
Ambulance: 112
Police: 155
Fire Brigade: 199
Forest Fire: 177
North Cyprus has several public holidays throughout the year, many of which are based on religious and national events.
- New Year’s Day (1st January)
- National Sovereignty and Children’s Day (23rd April)
- Labour Day (1st May)
- Commemoration of Atatürk, Youth and Sports Day (19th May)
- Victory Day (30th August)
- Republic Day (29th October)
- Christmas (25th December)
- New Year’s Eve (31st December)
In addition to these official holidays, there are also several religious holidays that are observed in North Cyprus. These include:
- Kurban Bayram (Eid al-Adha)
- Ramazan Bayram (Eid al-Fitr)
- Hıdırellez (6th May)
- Mevlid Kandili (Birth of Prophet Muhammad)
It’s worth noting that since North Cyprus is only recognized by Turkey, the official holidays are based on the Turkish calendar, and they may not align with the holidays observed in other countries. Additionally, businesses and public services may have reduced hours or be closed on these holidays.
Traffic rules in North Cyprus are similar to those in other countries, but there are a few key differences that visitors should be aware of.
- Traffic in North Cyprus drives on the left side of the road, as it is a British colony.
- Speed limits are generally in kilometers per hour (km/h)
- The use of seat belts is mandatory for all passengers in a vehicle.
- It is illegal to use a mobile phone while driving.
- The legal blood alcohol limit is 0.05%
- The use of headlights is mandatory during the day and night.
- Children under the age of 12 are not allowed to sit in the front seat of a car.
- It is mandatory to carry a valid driver’s license, registration and insurance documents while driving.
It’s worth noting that traffic rules and regulations are subject to change and may vary depending on the location and type of road. Visitors should also be aware that road conditions and infrastructure in North Cyprus may be different from what they are used to, and they should exercise caution and obey all traffic signs and signals. Additionally, it’s important to note that since North Cyprus is only recognized by Turkey, the international driver’s licenses are not valid and the visitors should obtain the North Cyprus driver’s license to drive legally.
Car rental in North Cyprus is a popular option for visitors as it allows for greater flexibility and freedom to explore the island. There are several car rental companies in North Cyprus, both local and international, that offer a range of vehicles at different prices.
When renting a car in North Cyprus, visitors should be prepared to present a valid driver’s license and a credit card. Some companies may also require a deposit or additional insurance. It’s important to read the terms and conditions of the rental agreement carefully, and to check for any additional fees or charges.
It’s worth noting that most car rental companies will only rent cars to drivers over the age of 21, and some may have a maximum age limit. Additionally, since North Cyprus is only recognized by Turkey, the international driver’s licenses are not valid and the visitors should obtain the North Cyprus driver’s license to drive legally.
Most car rental companies will provide a good service, but it’s always a good idea to check reviews or ask for recommendations from other travelers. Additionally, visitors should be aware that the roads in North Cyprus can be narrow and winding, and that road signage may not be as clear as in other countries. Visitors should exercise caution and obey all traffic signs and signals, and drive defensively.
The electrical current in North Cyprus is 220-240 volts, 50Hz. The electrical outlets in North Cyprus use the standard European plug with two round pins. Visitors from countries that use a different electrical system, such as the United States, will need to bring a voltage converter and a plug adapter to use their electrical devices.
Most hotels and accommodation in North Cyprus will provide guests with the necessary electrical outlets and equipment. However, visitors should check with their accommodation in advance to confirm the availability of these facilities.
Electricity in North Cyprus is generated mainly by thermal power plants and hydroelectric power plants. The country also imports electricity from Turkey through an undersea cable. The electricity distribution and supply is controlled by the state-owned company KIB-TEK.
It’s worth noting that North Cyprus is a small country and the electrical power grid is limited. Visitors may experience power outages or brownouts, particularly during the summer months when demand for electricity is highest. Additionally, visitors should be aware that the use of air conditioning and other high-energy appliances is limited during peak hours in order to conserve energy.
Obtaining a residence permit in North Cyprus can be a complex process and is subject to specific conditions and requirements. As the North Cyprus is only recognized by Turkey, the process of obtaining a residence permit is similar to the process of obtaining a residence permit in Turkey.
To obtain a residence permit in North Cyprus, visitors must first apply for a short-term residence permit, which is valid for up to 90 days. This can be done at the immigration office or the police station in the area where the visitor is staying. After the short-term residence permit expires, visitors can apply for a long-term residence permit, which is valid for up to one year. To apply for a long-term residence permit, visitors must provide the following documents:
- A valid passport and copies of passport pages
- A valid entry stamp in the passport
- A recent passport-size photo
- Proof of accommodation (rental contract or a letter from the hotel)
- Proof of sufficient financial means
- Medical insurance
- Criminal record certificate from the country of origin
- Application form
It’s worth noting that the requirements for obtaining a residence permit in North Cyprus may vary depending on the individual’s situation and the purpose of their visit, and the process can be time-consuming. Additionally, it’s important to note that the recognition of the North Cyprus by the international community is limited and the residence permit issued by the TRNC may not be accepted by other countries. Visitors should check with the relevant authorities in their home country and their destination country to determine the exact requirements and procedures for obtaining a residence permit.
Obtaining residence and citizenship in North Cyprus can be a complex process and is subject to specific conditions and requirements. As North Cyprus is only recognized by Turkey, the process of obtaining residence and citizenship is similar to the process of obtaining residence and citizenship in Turkey.
To obtain residence in North Cyprus, visitors must first apply for a short-term residence permit, which is valid for up to 90 days. This can be done at the immigration office or the police station in the area where the visitor is staying. After the short-term residence permit expires, visitors can apply for a long-term residence permit, which is valid for up to one year. To apply for a long-term residence permit, visitors must provide the necessary documents and meet the requirements set by the immigration office.
Obtaining citizenship in North Cyprus is a separate process and is subject to specific conditions and requirements. To obtain citizenship in North Cyprus, applicants must meet the following requirements:
- Be 18 years or older
- Have lived in North Cyprus for at least 7 years
- Have a legal income or property in North Cyprus
- Speak Turkish fluently
- Have no criminal record
- Pass a test on the culture, history and geography of North Cyprus
- Have a residence permit
- Have no other citizenship
It’s worth noting that the requirements for obtaining residence and citizenship in North Cyprus may vary depending on the individual’s situation and the purpose of their visit, and the process can be time-consuming. Additionally, it’s important to note that the recognition of the North Cyprus by the international community is limited and the residence permit issued by the TRNC may not be accepted by other countries. The citizenship issued by the TRNC is also not recognized by the international community. Visitors should check with the relevant authorities in their home country and their destination country to determine the exact requirements and procedures for obtaining residence and citizenship.
